Posted inOrgans
Gallbladder
The gallbladder is a small pear-shaped sac tucked under the liver that stores and concentrates bile produced by hepatocytes. Between meals, the sphincter of Oddi stays closed, so bile backs…
Posted inCell
Primary and Secondary Antibody Respons new
Primary antibody response upon first antigen encounter is slow, IgM appearing days 4-10 from naive B cells activated in nodes or mucosa, peaking low then declining, while secondary anamnestic from…
Posted inCell
Germ Layers
During early embryonic development, the blastula reorganizes into three primary germ layers that give rise to all tissues and organs. The outer ectoderm forms skin, hair, nails, and the nervous…
Posted inMedical
Blood Volume Loss and Homeostasis
An illustration of blood volume loss and homeostasis explains how the body responds to bleeding or dehydration. It shows sensors detecting reduced volume or pressure, triggering responses such as increased…
Posted inMedical
Lower Limb Arteries Anterior Posterior
Lower limb arteries arise from the femoral artery continuing the external iliac, viewed anteriorly showing profunda femoris branching deep into thigh muscles, then popliteal behind the knee giving genicular branches,…
Posted inCell
Catabolic and Anabolic Pathways
A metabolic pathway diagram comparing catabolic and anabolic processes shows how the body balances breakdown and building. Catabolic pathways are illustrated breaking large molecules into smaller units while releasing energy,…
