Labelled Diagram of the Carotid and Prevertebral sheaths Diagram
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Labelled Carotid and Prevertebral sheaths Diagram

Labelled carotid sheath contains common/internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve (CN X), sympathetic chain (cervical ganglia), deep cervical lymph nodes. Prevertebral fascia encloses prevertebral muscles (longus colli/capitis), brachial…
Embryo Week 3
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Embryo Week 3

Embryo week 3 is a pivotal period of gastrulation where the primitive streak appears on the epiblast, cells ingress to form mesoderm and definitive endoderm, displacing hypoblast, while the notochord…
DeglutitionN
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DeglutitionN

Deglutition, more commonly known as swallowing, is a remarkably coordinated process that moves food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach in three distinct phases while protecting the airway…
Urine Color Chart
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Urine Color Chart

Urine color normally pale straw yellow from urochrome pigment concentration, clear dilute dark concentrated dehydration, colorless overhydration diabetes insipidus, cloudy infection, pink red blood beets berries hematuria, orange medications bile…
Fetal Circulation
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Fetal Circulation

Before birth, the fetus relies on unique circulatory shortcuts because its lungs are non-functional and it gets oxygen and nutrients from the placenta via the umbilical cord. Oxygen-rich blood enters…
Hyperbaric Chamber
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Hyperbaric Chamber

Hyperbaric chambers deliver oxygen therapy by placing patients in pressurized environments, typically 2-3 atmospheres, forcing far more oxygen to dissolve in plasma beyond what hemoglobin carries, useful for decompression sickness…
Mechanical and Chemical DigestionN
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Mechanical and Chemical DigestionN

Mechanical digestion physically breaks food into smaller pieces starting with mastication in mouth, churning in stomach via three muscle layers producing chyme, segmentation in small intestine mixing with enzymes, and…
Blood Volume Loss and Homeostasis
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Blood Volume Loss and Homeostasis

An illustration of blood volume loss and homeostasis explains how the body responds to bleeding or dehydration. It shows sensors detecting reduced volume or pressure, triggering responses such as increased…
Lower Limb Arteries Anterior Posterior
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Lower Limb Arteries Anterior Posterior

Lower limb arteries arise from the femoral artery continuing the external iliac, viewed anteriorly showing profunda femoris branching deep into thigh muscles, then popliteal behind the knee giving genicular branches,…
Defribillators
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Defribillators

Defibrillators are lifesaving devices designed to deliver an electric shock to the heart when it's in a chaotic, ineffective rhythm like ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia during cardiac arrest,…
Autosomal Dominant Inheritance
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Autosomal Dominant Inheritance

A genetic inheritance chart for autosomal dominant traits uses family trees to show transmission across generations. Affected individuals appear in each generation, reinforcing how a single gene copy can express…
Embryonic Folding
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Embryonic Folding

Embryonic folding converts the flat trilaminar disc into a cylindrical body around weeks 3-4 through head, tail, and lateral folds that pinch the embryo off the yolk sac, incorporating endoderm…
CPR Technique
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CPR Technique

A CPR technique illustration demonstrates correct hand placement, compression depth, and rhythm. Sequential steps show how chest compressions and rescue breaths maintain circulation during cardiac arrest, emphasizing lifesaving timing and…
Digestion of Proteins Physiology
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Digestion of Proteins Physiology

Digestion of proteins physiology involves not just enzymes but sophisticated regulation to match secretion to dietary intake, starting with the cephalic phase where sight or smell of food stimulates vagal…
Muscular and Elastic Artery Arteriole
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Muscular and Elastic Artery Arteriole

Muscular arteries like femoral or radial distribute blood flow via thick tunica media of smooth muscle regulating resistance through vasoconstriction or dilation, elastic arteries like aorta buffer pulsatile flow with…
Vascular Homeostasis Flow Art
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Vascular Homeostasis Flow Art

Vascular homeostasis maintains flow via autoregulation myogenic metabolic matching perfusion demand, endothelial nitric oxide prostacyclin vasodilation shear stress, endothelin angiotensin constriction, arteriolar tone dominant resistance site, capillary hydrostatic oncotic pressures…
FlowChart Veins into VenaCava
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FlowChart Veins into VenaCava

Venous blood from the body converges into two great veins: the superior and inferior vena cava. Head and neck veins drain into the brachiocephalic veins, which merge into the superior…
Iliac Artery Branches Chart
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Iliac Artery Branches Chart

The common iliac arteries branch from abdominal aorta bifurcation at L4, each dividing into external iliac supplying lower limb via femoral and internal iliac feeding pelvis. Internal branches include superior…
Fetal Circulatory System
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Fetal Circulatory System

The fetal circulatory system is beautifully adapted to bypass the lungs and liver while maximizing placental exchange. Blood leaves the fetus through two umbilical arteries branching from the iliac arteries,…
Major Systemic Artery
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Major Systemic Artery

Major systemic arteries begin with ascending aorta giving coronaries, arch branching brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian, then descending thoracic supplying intercostals, abdominal continuing as celiac, mesenteric, renal, gonadal, iliacs,…