IVF

In vitro fertilization bypasses natural barriers by retrieving mature eggs from stimulated ovaries, fertilizing with sperm in lab—sometimes via ICSI injection—culturing embryos to blastocyst, then transferring to prepared uterus, with extras frozen. Hormonal protocols suppress then stimulate follicles, monitored by ultrasound and bloodwork. Success rates vary with age, and multiples reduced by single transfers, revolutionizing infertility treatment for blocked tubes, low sperm, or unexplained cases.