Renal System Physiology Image
See Article History. Renal system, in humans, organ system that includes the kidneys, where urine is produced, and the ureters, bladder, and urethra for the passage, storage, and voiding of urine.
Renal vessels and nerves. The kidneys are supplied with sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves of the autonomic nervous system, and the renal nerves contain both afferent and efferent fibres (afferent fibres carry nerve impulses to the central nervous system; efferent fibres, from it).
The renal sinus includes the renal pelvis, a funnel-shaped expansion of the upper end of the ureter, reaching into the kidney substances from the wide end of the funnel, two or three extensions of the cavity called the major calyxes.